This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).By converting our sims to HTML5, we make them seamlessly available across platforms and devices. Whether you have laptops, iPads, chromebooks, or BYOD, your favorite PhET sims are always right at your fingertips.Become part of our mission today, and transform the learning experiences of students everywhere!Three short virtual lab investigations. 1) Validating Snell's Law, 2) Describing the intensity of the reflected and refracted rays and 3) determining the refractive index of a mystery metal. Subject. Physics. Level. High School, Undergrad - Intro. Type. Guided Activity, Lab. Duration.The lighting simulation software is primarily used in illumination design to simulate and optimize light pipes, and light guides, and non-imaging lenses and mirrors. TracePro is also a powerful tool for analysis of aspects of imaging systems such as stray light analysis and polarization effects. With its full set of features, designers can ...Launch Interactive. Learners are encouraged to open the Interactive and Explore. An activity sheet is not needed for this Interactive. Our Who Can See Who? simulation is now available with a Concept Checker. Do the simulation. Then follow it up with the Concept Checker. Learners and Instructors may be interested in viewing the accompanying ...Reflection and Refraction of Light. A ray of light coming from the top left strikes the boundary surface of two media. (It is possible to choose the substances in both lists.) The medium which has the bigger index of refraction is painted blue, the other yellow. You can vary the incident ray with pressed mouse button.The angle of incidence in the water is approximately 39°. At this angle, the light refracts out of the water into the surrounding air bending away from the normal. The angle of refraction in the air is approximately 57°. These values for the angle of incidence and refraction are consistent with Snell's Law. Explore bending of light between two media with different indices of refraction. See how changing from air to water to glass changes the bending angle. Play with prisms of different shapes and make rainbows.Dec 20, 1997 · Reflection and Refraction of Light. A ray of light coming from the top left strikes the boundary surface of two media. (It is possible to choose the substances in both lists.) The medium which has the bigger index of refraction is painted blue, the other yellow. You can vary the incident ray with pressed mouse button. The Optics Bench Interactive is shown in the iFrame below. There is a small hot-spot in the lower-right corner of the iFrame. Dragging this hot-spot allows you to change the size of iFrame to whatever dimensions you prefer. Our Optics Bench simulation is now available with a Concept Checker that focuses on Concave Mirrors with this activity. Do ...PhET waves intro has three animations that link to water waves, sound and light and introduce the terms frequency and amplitude. The water wave animation can also be used to replicate part of the GCSE waves required practical. Measuring the wavelength and speed of water waves using method 2 (can be done using baking trays or other suitable ...cal simulation of light scattering by multiple wavelength-sized particles near or between planar interfaces. It im-plements the superposition T-matrix method [15, 16, 17] Krzysztof Czajkowski and Dominik Theobald contributed equally to this work. Figure 1: Artistic visualization of a Gaussian beam scattered by multiple particles on a substrate. 1 PHYS 304 LAB PhET Simulation: Reflection of Light In this activity students will be exploring reflection of light in a plane mirror using the “Bendin g Light ” PhET simulation. Open the simulation by clicking on the link: Learning Objectives By the end of this lab activity, students will be able to: • Explain what happens to light when ...In this video You will learn the basics of refraction of light. Here the concept of total internal reflection (TIR) and Critical Angle has also been discusse...This is a 60 to 90 min. worksheet related to the concept of refraction and total internal reflection with simulations activities. Students can observe, examine, explore and connect the simulations to the concepts and would have a better understanding of the behaviour of the light rays in prisms with different shapes. Subject PhysicsBending of light Objective: The objectives of this lab activities are : To study the law of reflection and refraction of light using different media To study the phenomenon and condition of total internal reflection To observe the dispersion of light by prism and refraction of light by different kinds of lens Introduction: The law of reflection of light states that when light bounces off from ... This is Snell's law, also known as Descarte’s Law, or The Law of Refraction. When light passes from one medium to another, some of this light is reflected while another part penetrates into the medium with a change in its direction. These two phenomena are called the reflection and refraction of light. The angle of reflection of a ray of ...The subject of this chapter is the reflection and refraction of light—or electromagnetic waves in general—at surfaces. We have already discussed the laws of reflection and refraction in Chapters 26 and 33 of Volume I. Here’s what we found out there: The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. cal simulation of light scattering by multiple wavelength-sized particles near or between planar interfaces. It im-plements the superposition T-matrix method [15, 16, 17] Krzysztof Czajkowski and Dominik Theobald contributed equally to this work. Figure 1: Artistic visualization of a Gaussian beam scattered by multiple particles on a substrate. Convex Mirror Images. The Convex Mirror Image Formation Interactive provides learners with a virtual light box for exploring the reflection of light off convex mirrors and the manner in which such reflection leads to the formation of an image of a complex object. Learners tap on various points upon an object. A ray diagram is quickly ...Enhance productivity with 3DOptix, Optical design and Simulation software. Ray Optics describes light propagation in terms of “rays” and is commonly concerned with how light is propagated, reflected, and refracted and the formation of images. The “ray” in geometric optics is an abstraction, or “instrument”, which can be used to ... This pathway provides resources for understanding motion in one dimension. The fundamentals of vector and scalars are covered, and the key concepts of position, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration are explained. The pathway concludes with a series of questions to test understanding of the topic. 6 Favorites. The angle of incidence in the water is approximately 39°. At this angle, the light refracts out of the water into the surrounding air bending away from the normal. The angle of refraction in the air is approximately 57°. These values for the angle of incidence and refraction are consistent with Snell's Law. 24. Look at the surface where the light exits from the material to the air, as you change the color of the ray of light from blue toward red, how does the refracted angle change? Select white light and dark background by clicking the last icon on: 25. What is the name of the physical phenomenon effecting the white light that you are observing ?White light is made up of light rays with different wavelengths which we see as various colors. When light refracts, the amount of bending depends upon the light's wavelength. It is maximum for violet and minimum for red. Hence white light splits into different colored rays, each with different amount of bending, when passing through a prism.Reflection of light (and other forms of electromagnetic radiation) occurs when the waves encounter a surface or other boundary that does not absorb the energy of the radiation and bounces the waves away from the surface. The simplest example of visible light reflection is the surface of a smooth pool of water, where incident light is reflected ...This app is a sort of tutorial which explains the reflection and the refraction of waves by the principle of Huygens. Explanations of each of the steps are provided in the text box. Whenever a step is finished, press the "Next step" button! You can stop and continue the simulation by using the "Pause / Resume" button.This is Snell's law, also known as Descarte’s Law, or The Law of Refraction. When light passes from one medium to another, some of this light is reflected while another part penetrates into the medium with a change in its direction. These two phenomena are called the reflection and refraction of light. The angle of reflection of a ray of ...Polarized light waves are light waves in which the vibrations occur in a single plane. The process of transforming unpolarized light into polarized light is known as polarization. There are a variety of methods of polarizing light. The four methods discussed on this page are: Polarization by Transmission.In this activity students will be exploring reflection of light in a plane mirror using the “Bending Light” PhET simulation. Open the simulation by clicking on the link:This experiment contains two parts to be done, which are: Part I:This part defines the reflection and refraction laws of light and use Snell’s law to calculate the index of refraction of unknown material. Part II: This part defines the meaning of the critical angle and the total internal reflection and use the critical angle to calculate the ...24. Look at the surface where the light exits from the material to the air, as you change the color of the ray of light from blue toward red, how does the refracted angle change? Select white light and dark background by clicking the last icon on: 25. What is the name of the physical phenomenon effecting the white light that you are observing ?The subject of this chapter is the reflection and refraction of light—or electromagnetic waves in general—at surfaces. We have already discussed the laws of reflection and refraction in Chapters 26 and 33 of Volume I. Here’s what we found out there: The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.Apr 2, 2014 · Although light is an everyday phenomenon that we constantly observe, a numerous researches have reported that students often displayed learning difficulties and hold unscientific understanding on physics concepts of light wave. To address the situation, inquiry-based learning process with a support of computer simulation has been proved its benefits on development of student’s conceptual ... Description. This is a visual simulation of the reflection of a wave pulse. Use the check boxes choose between a fixed end (bouncing off a more rigid medium) or a free end (bouncing off a less rigid medium). Use the other check boxes to show or hide the undisturbed incident and reflected waves, so that you can see how their superposition causes ...Interactive is shown in the iFrame below. There is a small hot-spot in the lower-right corner of the iFrame. Dragging this hot-spot allows you to change the size of iFrame to whatever dimensions you prefer. Our Who Can See Who? simulation is now available with a Concept Checker. Do the simulation. Then follow it up with the Concept Checker. Our ...3D (using VR) Real image and virtual image Looking at an object, we feel there is an object in it. By the way, if you feel that there is something, we say there is an ‘image’, even if there is no real object... Search Simulations. 한국어.In this activity students will be exploring reflection of light in a plane mirror using the “Bending Light” PhET simulation. Open the simulation by clicking on the link:Bending Light 1.1.29 - PhET Interactive Simulations Make a whole rainbow by mixing red, green, and blue light. Change the wavelength of a monochromatic beam or filter white light. View the light as a solid beam, or see the individual photons.Convex Mirror Images. The Convex Mirror Image Formation Interactive provides learners with a virtual light box for exploring the reflection of light off convex mirrors and the manner in which such reflection leads to the formation of an image of a complex object. Learners tap on various points upon an object. A ray diagram is quickly ... Aug 13, 2020 · 6.3.2: Refraction Simulation. The ratio of the speed of light in a material to the speed in a vacuum ( c = 3.0 ×108 m/s c = 3.0 × 10 8 m/s) is called the index of refraction; n = c/v n = c / v where v v is the speed of light in the medium. In this simulation we will investigate the effects of a change in the speed of a wave as it moves from ... Sep 10, 2018 · Reflection of light (and other forms of electromagnetic radiation) occurs when the waves encounter a surface or other boundary that does not absorb the energy of the radiation and bounces the waves away from the surface. This tutorial explores the incident and reflected angles of a single light wave impacting on a smooth surface. Aug 13, 2020 · 6.3.2: Refraction Simulation. The ratio of the speed of light in a material to the speed in a vacuum ( c = 3.0 ×108 m/s c = 3.0 × 10 8 m/s) is called the index of refraction; n = c/v n = c / v where v v is the speed of light in the medium. In this simulation we will investigate the effects of a change in the speed of a wave as it moves from ... How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen.Jun 2, 2020 · This experiment contains two parts to be done, which are: Part I:This part defines the reflection and refraction laws of light and use Snell’s law to calculate the index of refraction of unknown material. Part II: This part defines the meaning of the critical angle and the total internal reflection and use the critical angle to calculate the ... The angle of incidence in the water is approximately 39°. At this angle, the light refracts out of the water into the surrounding air bending away from the normal. The angle of refraction in the air is approximately 57°. These values for the angle of incidence and refraction are consistent with Snell's Law.Reflection, refraction and diffraction are all boundary behaviors of waves associated with the bending of the path of a wave. The bending of the path is an observable behavior when the medium is a two- or three-dimensional medium. Reflection occurs when there is a bouncing off of a barrier. Reflection of waves off straight barriers follows the ...In this activity students will be exploring reflection of light in a plane mirror using the “Bending Light” PhET simulation. Open the simulation by clicking on the link:In this Interactive, learners can drag a candle to various positions in front of a curved mirror and quickly observe the characteristics of the images that are formed. It's that simple; no dripping candle wax, no mess to clean up, just pure physics. Now available with a Concept Checker. Three short virtual lab investigations. 1) Validating Snell's Law, 2) Describing the intensity of the reflected and refracted rays and 3) determining the refractive index of a mystery metal. Subject. Physics. Level. High School, Undergrad - Intro. Type. Guided Activity, Lab. Duration.This app is a sort of tutorial which explains the reflection and the refraction of waves by the principle of Huygens. Explanations of each of the steps are provided in the text box. Whenever a step is finished, press the "Next step" button! You can stop and continue the simulation by using the "Pause / Resume" button.Simulation of image formation in concave and convex mirrors. Move the tip of the Object arrow or the point labeled focus. Move the arrow to the right side of the mirror to get a convex mirror. lack of medium) for light, 𝑣<𝑐 for anything that isn’t vacuum. This means that 𝑛>1, and the larger 𝑛 is, the slower light travels through the medium. In the third video, green laser light passes from air to a piece of acrylic. The index of refraction for the acrylic is 3) (1 point) Calculate the speed of light 𝑣 as it travelsJul 21, 2020 · In/Post-Class Activity, Bending Light, PhET. Description. This is a 60 to 90 min. worksheet related to the concept of refraction and reflection with conceptual questions and simulations activities. Students can observe, examine, explore and connect the simulations to the concepts and would have a better understanding of bending/refracting light ... Join photographer Nicholas on his expedition to Antarctica to photograph the wildlife. In this simulation, you will learn about the wave-like behaviors of light. When light travels from one medium into another, the rays can reflect off of the surface. Depending on the angle and the media, the light can also refract. Light. Light Mixing; Color Pigment Mixing; Polarization of Light; Double Slit Diffraction and Interference; Double Slit Interference; Diffraction Grating Laser Lab; Thin Film interference; Reflection and Refraction; Dispersion of Light; Plane Mirrors; Concave and Convex Mirrors; iPad Spherical Mirror Simulation; Concave and Convex Lenses; Lens ...Join photographer Nicholas on his expedition to Antarctica to photograph the wildlife. In this simulation, you will learn about the wave-like behaviors of light. When light travels from one medium into another, the rays can reflect off of the surface. Depending on the angle and the media, the light can also refract. Dec 20, 1997 · Reflection and Refraction of Light. A ray of light coming from the top left strikes the boundary surface of two media. (It is possible to choose the substances in both lists.) The medium which has the bigger index of refraction is painted blue, the other yellow. You can vary the incident ray with pressed mouse button. Refraction, or bending of the path of the waves, is accompanied by a change in speed and wavelength of the waves. So if the media (or its properties) are changed, the speed of the wave is changed. Thus, waves passing from one medium to another will undergo refraction. Refraction of sound waves is most evident in situations in which the sound ...oPhysics. Kinematics. Polarization of Light. Description. This is a simulation intended to help visualize polarization. A polarizing filter has a particular transmission axis and only allows light waves aligned with that axis to pass through. In this simulation unpolarized waves pass through a vertical slit, leaving only their vertical components.oPhysics. Kinematics. Polarization of Light. Description. This is a simulation intended to help visualize polarization. A polarizing filter has a particular transmission axis and only allows light waves aligned with that axis to pass through. In this simulation unpolarized waves pass through a vertical slit, leaving only their vertical components. Welcome to Ray Optics Simulation. To add an optical component, select a tool and click the blank space. To load an example, please go to the Gallery page. File: Undo Redo Reset Save Open Export Get Link View Gallery. Tools: Ray Beam Point source Blockers Mirrors Glasses Ruler Protractor Detector Text Move view. View:How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen.Explore bending of light between two media with different indices of refraction. See how changing from air to water to glass changes the bending angle. Play with prisms of different shapes and make rainbows.Enhance productivity with 3DOptix, Optical design and Simulation software. Ray Optics describes light propagation in terms of “rays” and is commonly concerned with how light is propagated, reflected, and refracted and the formation of images. The “ray” in geometric optics is an abstraction, or “instrument”, which can be used to ...Light from the sun for example is composed of 7 distinct colors of light, and white light can be created with just three colors; blue, green and red light. Test your understanding and self-check Open the full B end i ng Li g ht simulation 6. In this video You will learn the basics of refraction of light. Here the concept of total internal reflection (TIR) and Critical Angle has also been discusse...Refraction, or bending of the path of the waves, is accompanied by a change in speed and wavelength of the waves. So if the media (or its properties) are changed, the speed of the wave is changed. Thus, waves passing from one medium to another will undergo refraction. Refraction of sound waves is most evident in situations in which the sound ...lack of medium) for light, 𝑣<𝑐 for anything that isn’t vacuum. This means that 𝑛>1, and the larger 𝑛 is, the slower light travels through the medium. In the third video, green laser light passes from air to a piece of acrylic. The index of refraction for the acrylic is 3) (1 point) Calculate the speed of light 𝑣 as it travels Bending Light Simulation Bend and Manipulate. Reflection and Refraction ... Details of Reflection and Refraction Demonstration Video. What is a Kaleidoscope? ...This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface). The subject of this chapter is the reflection and refraction of light—or electromagnetic waves in general—at surfaces. We have already discussed the laws of reflection and refraction in Chapters 26 and 33 of Volume I. Here’s what we found out there: The angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. In this video You will learn the basics of refraction of light. Here the concept of total internal reflection (TIR) and Critical Angle has also been discusse... Simulate the rays and images seen from some position. The blue circle is the observer. Any rays crossing it are considered to be "observed". The observer do not know where the rays actually begin, but may think they begin at some point (s) if they intersect there. The rays are shown in blue, and the point (s) in orange.Reflection from a Mirror. Update your browser! Adjust the angle of the mirror and see what happens to the reflected beam! Determine the angle when each observer can see the light. Simulation created Steven Sahyun, University of Wisconsin - Whitewater using code modified from Andrew Duffy's Friction on an incline simulator. December 19, 2018.Dec 20, 1997 · Reflection and Refraction of Light. A ray of light coming from the top left strikes the boundary surface of two media. (It is possible to choose the substances in both lists.) The medium which has the bigger index of refraction is painted blue, the other yellow. You can vary the incident ray with pressed mouse button. Enhance productivity with 3DOptix, Optical design and Simulation software. Ray Optics describes light propagation in terms of “rays” and is commonly concerned with how light is propagated, reflected, and refracted and the formation of images. The “ray” in geometric optics is an abstraction, or “instrument”, which can be used to ... This app is a sort of tutorial which explains the reflection and the refraction of waves by the principle of Huygens. Explanations of each of the steps are provided in the text box. Whenever a step is finished, press the "Next step" button! You can stop and continue the simulation by using the "Pause / Resume" button.cal simulation of light scattering by multiple wavelength-sized particles near or between planar interfaces. It im-plements the superposition T-matrix method [15, 16, 17] Krzysztof Czajkowski and Dominik Theobald contributed equally to this work. Figure 1: Artistic visualization of a Gaussian beam scattered by multiple particles on a substrate.Welcome to Ray Optics Simulation. To add an optical component, select a tool and click the blank space. To load an example, please go to the Gallery page. File: Undo Redo Reset Save Open Export Get Link View Gallery. Tools: Ray Beam Point source Blockers Mirrors Glasses Ruler Protractor Detector Text Move view. View: Bending Light 1.1.29 - PhET Interactive Simulations In this video You will learn the basics of refraction of light. Here the concept of total internal reflection (TIR) and Critical Angle has also been discusse...This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).Bending Light 1.1.29 - PhET Interactive Simulations Description Simulation of image formation in concave and convex mirrors. Move the tip of the Object arrow or the point labeled focus. Move the arrow to the right side of the mirror to get a convex mirror.Explain how an image is formed by a converging lens or flat mirror using ray diagrams. Determine how changing the parameters of a lens (focal length, diameter) affects where the image is formed and how it appears (magnification, brightness, and inversion). Predict where an image will be formed given the object distance and optic parameters.This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).This pathway provides resources for understanding motion in one dimension. The fundamentals of vector and scalars are covered, and the key concepts of position, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration are explained. The pathway concludes with a series of questions to test understanding of the topic. 6 Favorites. Jun 2, 2020 · This experiment contains two parts to be done, which are: Part I:This part defines the reflection and refraction laws of light and use Snell’s law to calculate the index of refraction of unknown material. Part II: This part defines the meaning of the critical angle and the total internal reflection and use the critical angle to calculate the ...
How does a lens or mirror form an image? See how light rays are refracted by a lens or reflected by a mirror. Observe how the image changes when you adjust the focal length of the lens, move the object, or move the screen.. Who does applebee
Advanced Physics. Advanced Physics questions and answers. EXPERIMENT -5: GEOMETRICAL OPTICS USING PHET SIMULATIONS Rev 3-14-2020 OBJECTIVE To study the reflection of light on flat and curved surfaces, and refraction of light though different shapes, and to find the focal length of a convex lens. EQUIPMENT PhET simulation Bending Light: htts ...Sep 10, 2018 · The reflection of light can be roughly categorized into two types of reflection: specular reflection is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle, and diffuse reflection, which is produced by rough surfaces that tend to reflect light in all directions (as illustrated in Figure 1). There are far more occurrences of ... Launch Interactive. Learners are encouraged to open the Interactive and Explore. An activity sheet is not needed for this Interactive. Our Who Can See Who? simulation is now available with a Concept Checker. Do the simulation. Then follow it up with the Concept Checker. Learners and Instructors may be interested in viewing the accompanying ...Sep 10, 2018 · The reflection of light can be roughly categorized into two types of reflection: specular reflection is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle, and diffuse reflection, which is produced by rough surfaces that tend to reflect light in all directions (as illustrated in Figure 1). There are far more occurrences of ... Bending Light 1.1.29 - PhET Interactive Simulations24. Look at the surface where the light exits from the material to the air, as you change the color of the ray of light from blue toward red, how does the refracted angle change? Select white light and dark background by clicking the last icon on: 25. What is the name of the physical phenomenon effecting the white light that you are observing ?This is a 60 to 90 min. worksheet related to the concept of refraction and total internal reflection with simulations activities. Students can observe, examine, explore and connect the simulations to the concepts and would have a better understanding of the behaviour of the light rays in prisms with different shapes. Subject PhysicsThe lighting simulation software is primarily used in illumination design to simulate and optimize light pipes, and light guides, and non-imaging lenses and mirrors. TracePro is also a powerful tool for analysis of aspects of imaging systems such as stray light analysis and polarization effects. With its full set of features, designers can ... Enhance productivity with 3DOptix, Optical design and Simulation software. Ray Optics describes light propagation in terms of “rays” and is commonly concerned with how light is propagated, reflected, and refracted and the formation of images. The “ray” in geometric optics is an abstraction, or “instrument”, which can be used to ... oPhysics. Kinematics. Polarization of Light. Description. This is a simulation intended to help visualize polarization. A polarizing filter has a particular transmission axis and only allows light waves aligned with that axis to pass through. In this simulation unpolarized waves pass through a vertical slit, leaving only their vertical components. The Interactive consists of two parts. Part 1 is titled How do light rays reflect? This part introduces the law of reflection and addresses the manner in which light reflects off a plane mirror. Part 2 is titled How do images form in plane (flat) mirrors? This part investigates the interaction between light from the object and the observer's eye. This Interactive tool allows the user to explore the reflection and refraction of light at a boundary. Users can choose from some pre-selected materials or choose a customized index of refraction value. Angles of incidence, reflection, and refraction can be measured with a built-in protractor.The angle of incidence in the water is approximately 39°. At this angle, the light refracts out of the water into the surrounding air bending away from the normal. The angle of refraction in the air is approximately 57°. These values for the angle of incidence and refraction are consistent with Snell's Law.Founded in 2002 by Nobel Laureate Carl Wieman, the PhET Interactive Simulations project at the University of Colorado Boulder creates free interactive math and science simulations. PhET sims are based on extensive education <a {0}>research</a> and engage students through an intuitive, game-like environment where students learn through exploration and discovery.Then follow it up with the Concept Checkers: Our Refraction simulation is now available with two Concept Checkers - one focuses on refraction and the direction of bending; it complements Activity #1 (above). The other focuses on total internal reflection and the critical angle; it complements Activity #3 (above). Do the simulation.This Interactive tool allows the user to explore the reflection and refraction of light at a boundary. Users can choose from some pre-selected materials or choose a customized index of refraction value. Angles of incidence, reflection, and refraction can be measured with a built-in protractor.This is a simple simulation showing the reflection and refraction of a ray of light as it attempts to move from one medium to another. Use the sliders to adjust the index of refraction of each of the two materials, as well as the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray of light and the normal to the surface).Seen by observer. Simulate the rays and images seen from some position. The blue circle is the observer. Any rays crossing it are considered to be "observed". The observer do not know where the rays actually begin, but may think they begin at some point (s) if they intersect there. The rays are shown in blue, and the point (s) in orange. cal simulation of light scattering by multiple wavelength-sized particles near or between planar interfaces. It im-plements the superposition T-matrix method [15, 16, 17] Krzysztof Czajkowski and Dominik Theobald contributed equally to this work. Figure 1: Artistic visualization of a Gaussian beam scattered by multiple particles on a substrate. Seen by observer. Simulate the rays and images seen from some position. The blue circle is the observer. Any rays crossing it are considered to be "observed". The observer do not know where the rays actually begin, but may think they begin at some point (s) if they intersect there. The rays are shown in blue, and the point (s) in orange. .